statically-linked executables don't work with i686 libc (which happens to be the default), from the 2015 glibc tarball:

../configure --prefix=/ --enable-add-ons=libpthread --enable-pt_chown --disable-nscd CFLAGS=-O2
make lib
make -C ../mach objdir=$PWD subdir=mach ..=../
make -C ../hurd objdir=$PWD subdir=hurd ..=../

# create a test.c
gcc test.c -o test.o -c
gcc test.o -o test -static -v

the last command gives

/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/collect2 -plugin /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccBtYgpy.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_eh -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc --sysroot=/ --build-id -m elf_i386 --hash-style=gnu -static -o test /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../../i386-gnu/crt0.o /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../../i386-gnu/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/crtbeginT.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../../i386-gnu -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../.. -L/lib/i386-gnu -L/usr/lib/i386-gnu test.o --start-group -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc --end-group /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/crtend.o /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../../i386-gnu/crtn.o

thus using the following to statically link against the just-build glibc:

BUILD=/path/to/glibc-2.19-hurd+libpthread-20150515/build /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/collect2 -plugin /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/liblto_plugin.so -plugin-opt=/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/lto-wrapper -plugin-opt=-fresolution=/tmp/ccDjhjdt.res -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lgcc_eh -plugin-opt=-pass-through=-lc --sysroot=/ --build-id -m elf_i386 --hash-style=gnu -static -o test $BUILD/csu/crt0.o $BUILD/csu/crti.o /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/crtbeginT.o -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../../i386-gnu -L/usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/../../.. -L/lib/i386-gnu -L/usr/lib/i386-gnu test.o --start-group -lgcc -lgcc_eh $BUILD/libc.a $BUILD/hurd/libhurduser.a $BUILD/mach/libmachuser.a --end-group /usr/lib/gcc/i586-gnu/4.9/crtend.o $BUILD/csu/crtn.o 

And then ./test gets killed early during libc initialization.

Passing --host=i586-gnu --build=i586-gnu fixes the kill, so the issue is most probably in some i686-specific file.