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Welcome to issue #48 of the Brave GNU World. Given one issue every month and 12 issues every year, this obviously means that the Brave GNU World celebrates its four year anniversary with this issue. More about this towards the end.

欢迎来到《勇敢 GNU 世界》的第 48 期。由於每个月〔出刊〕一期，一年就有十二期，这很明显地表明《勇敢 GNU 世界》要在本期庆祝它的四周年。更多有关这个〔的信息〕在〔本期〕的后面〔可以看到〕。

MagiConf（ GNU/Linux 的图形化硬件组态程序）

One of the points raised frequently by critics of GNU/Linux is that configuration of hardware is too complicated and not simple enough for beginners.

经常地被 GNU/Linux 的评论家所提及的其中一个论点就是：硬件的组态（configuration）太过於复杂，并且对初学者来说不够简单。

MagiConf [5] by Marc Boris Dürner, Ramesh Panuganty and Richard Ibbotson seeks to close this gap for the Debian GNU/Linux [6] distribution, which is the favorite of many people in the community, but not exactly known for its "end user suitability."

MagiConf [5] 是 Marc Boris Dürner 、 Ramesh Panuganty 和 Richard Ibbotson 寻求著为 Debian GNU/Linux [6] 弥合这个缺口〔而完成的〕。这个散布件在社团中是许多人的最爱，但是它的“对於终端使用者的合适性”（ end user suitability ）则完全没有被〔大家〕认识到。

Thanks to a library written in C/C++, significant part of system components can be administrated easily by means of graphical user interfaces (GUI) based on GNOME/GTK or KDE/Qt<./p>

- based on GNOME/GTK or KDE/Qt<./p>
+ based on GNOME/GTK or KDE/Qt.

感谢一个以 C/C++ 所撰写的程序库，系统元件（ system components ）的重要部份可以经由基於 GNOME/GTK 或 KDE/Qt 图形使用者介面（ graphical user interfaces ； GUI ）的方式轻易地加以管理。

Currently supported is configuration of the network card and settings, the sound card, mouse and keyboard for the XFree86 graphical surface, as well as connected PCMCIA and USB devices.

???
- surface, as well as
+ interface, as well as

目前支持的组态有：网络卡和设定、声效卡、 XFree86 图形介面的滑鼠和键盘，以及连接的（ connected ） PCMCIA 和 USB 装置（ devices ）。

It should be said that in terms of sound cards, only "Open Sound System" (OSS) drivers are currently supported. The more modern and soon to be standard part of the Linux kernel "Advanced Linux Sound Architecture" (ALSA) [7] is not yet supported. Also configuring the graphical desktop (XFree86) is not yet possible.

应该要说明的是就声效卡来说，目前只有“开放声效系统”（ Open Sound System ； OSS ）的驱动程序被支持。更为现代，且很快就会成为 Linux 内核的标准部份的“进阶 Linux 声效架构”（ Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ； ALSA ） [7] 还没有支持。同时也还不能对图形桌面（ XFree86 ）进行组态。

Most likely it is just a matter of time until these will be supported, however. And if things are not developing fast enough for your liking, you can certainly speed things up by (also ideal) support. Today, MagiConf is already supporting the hardware detection system Discover 2.0 [8] — this will certainly allow a high degree of automation and providing useful presets to the users.

然而「这些最终会被支持」似乎只是时间〔早晚的〕问题罢了。并且如果事情并不合您的意般地足够快速的话，您肯定可以经由（同样理想的）支持来加速它。今天， MagiConf 已经支持了硬件针测系统 Discover 2.0 [8] — 这肯定将会允许一个高度的自动化（ automation ），并且提供给使用者有用的预先调整〔装置〕（ presets ）。

The project began more than two years ago as a pure Qt project. But after the essential functionality had been moved into a library, the authors were quick to also provide a Gtk+ front end, so both of the major desktops are supported equally now. As often projects and distributions only support one of them well, the authors have some reason to be proud of this.

这工程在两年以前作为纯粹的 Qt 工程而开始。但是在必要的功能被移到程序库后，作者也很快地提供了一个 Gtk+ 的前端（ front end ），所以现在作为主要桌面〔环境〕的两者都被平等地支持了。由於散布件工程通常都只有对它们其中一个支持地较好，作者对此〔的确〕有一些理由是值得自豪的。

As a programming language, C++ was used for both the KDE and via GTKmm also the GTK clients. Licenses used in the project are the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) for the library and the GNU General Public License (GPL) for the clients. So the project is entirely Free Software.

作为一个程序语言， C++ 同时为 KDE 以及经由 GTKmm 的 GTK 客户端（从端； clients ）所使用。在这工程中所使用的许可证为 GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 用於程序库，以及 GNU General Public License (GPL) 用於客户端。所以这个工程是个完全的自由软件。

Moon-Buggy（越过满布坑洞的月球表面的驾驶游戏）

After introducing a ncurses based ASCII clone of the console classic "Space Invaders," here is some new food for friends of this genre.

在介绍了一个以 ncurses 作为基础的主控台（ console ）经典“空间入侵者”（ Space Invaders ）的 ASCII 仿制品（ clone ）之后，这里有一些「食粮」提供给这个「流派」（genre）的朋友。

Moon-Buggy [10] by Jochen Voss is an ASCII clone of the game being very successful under the same name on the Commodore C64 and Amstrad CPC 464 (sold in Germany under the name "Schneider CPC 464") [11].

由 Jochen Voss 所完成的 Moon-Buggy [10] 是一个以相同名称（ Commodore C64 和 Amstrad CPC 464 ；在德国则是使用“ Schneider CPC 464 ”）发表的非常成功的游戏的 ASCII 仿制品。 [11]

The player is given the task to drive a Moon-Buggy across a crater-ridden moon surface without crashing it, so the concept is not very hard to grasp. But like so many simple games, this one seems highly addictive.

玩家被给予一项「驾驶 Moon-Buggy 在不破坏坑洞的情况下，越过满布它的月球表面」的任务，所以这概念并不难理解。但是就像许多简单的游戏，这一个看起来好像很容易上瘾。

Proof for that is the grown and true Moon-Buggy fan community, which even went so far to write robots that could play Moon-Buggy for them. This came out when following up on a bug report [12] in which a player reported that the highscore list can only handle 5 digit scores.

证据就在於成长的以及真实的 Moon-Buggy 爱好者社团，〔他们〕甚至已经沈迷到〔自己〕撰写可以帮他们玩 Moon-Buggy 的〔软件〕机器人（ robots ）。这情况是在当追踪一份「由一位玩家回报了最高成绩列表只能够处理五个数位（ digit ）的成绩」的臭虫报告 [12] 时〔才〕被〔大家〕知道。

That bug report did cause some surprise because noone expected that anyone might be able to get that far. Since it takes the robot two days of continuous play to reach it, that seems quite understandable.

那份臭虫报告确实让〔大家〕感到讶异，因为没有人预期有任何人可以得到那样的成绩。由於那〔成绩〕花了机器人两天的时间才取得，〔这样〕看起来还蛮能够了解的。

The game was written around Christmas 1998, when Jochen Voss had some time to waste. Since then there have been several improvements and a Debian package by Christian T. Steigies; the project itself is now essentially stable.

这游戏大约在一九九八年圣诞节时被写成的，那时 Jochen Voss 有一些时间可以消磨。从那开始，有数次的改进以及一个由 Christian T. Steigies 完成的 Debian 包；这工程本身则实质上已经稳定了。

It was written in C with ncurses and runs on pretty much all somewhat POSIX compliant Unix systems on the shell and console as well as over ssh connections.

它是以搭配 ncurses 的 C 语言写成的，并且可以在差不多所有的合於 POSIX 〔标准〕的 Unix 系统上，在外壳（ shell ）以及主控台上以及经由 ssh 连接（ connections ）来运行。

Provided he finds time time for it, Jochen plans to make some final improvements and maybe even add the Ufo, which is present in the original, but missing in his program. Then it should finally be ready for the version 1.0 release.

time time
time

只要他找到时间可以进行， Jochen 打算要作出一些最后的改进，并且也有可能加入在原始〔版本〕中有的，但是在他的程序中不见的幽浮（Ufo〕。然后它应该终於可以准备以第 1.0 版加以发行了。

If you enjoy these little games, Moon-Buggy, which is published as Free Software under the GNU General Public License (GPL), is your friend.

如果您喜爱这些小游戏，以 GNU General Public License (GPL) 发行作为自由软件的 Moon-Buggy 是您的好朋友。

cdcover（ CD 盒的封面）

Nowadays, CD writers are spread widely and certainly found in a large part of homes, so many people will probably know the problems associated with trying to avoid losing track of all the CDs.

现今，〔由於〕 CD 烧录器（ CD writers ）扩散地十分广泛，可以肯定在大部份的家庭中都能发现〔它〕，所以许多人将很有可能知道与「试著避免失去所有 CDs 的〔内容信息〕追踪」相关的问题。

The program cdcover [13] by Roland schäuble allows creation of covers and inlets for CD jewelcases in an interactive, comfortable and easy way. Provided fields are: title, subtitle, text on front- and backside, footnote and date.

由 Roland schäuble 所完成的 cdcover [13] 这程序，允许以一种互动式、舒服的以及简单的方式制作出给 CD 盒（ CD jewelcases ）所使用的封面（ covers ）和插入物（ inlets ）。提供的栏位有：标题（ title ）、次标题（ subtitle ）、前面以及后面的文字（ text ）、脚注和日期。

Based upon templates, the program generates postscript files from that data, which can either be printed directly or viewed in ghostview.

根据范本（templates），这程序由那资料制作出可以直接地被印出来或是在 ghostview 中被观看的postscript 档。

The project is written in Python; a logical consequence of Rolands motivation to learn Python by starting this project. He was especially careful to preserve the platform independence of Python and make cdcover usable on GNU/Linux (Unix) systems and Win32 alike.

这工程是以 Python 撰写而成的；「开始这个工程」是 Rolands 学习 Python 的动机的逻辑〔思考〕结论。他特别小心地保持 Python 的平台独立性，并且使 cdcover 在 GNU/Linux （ Unix ）系统和在 Win32 上都可以使用。

His personal experience with this was that even using Python it is not very easy to retain platform independence, for instance he has failed to get the Python-CDDB module to run on Win32 so far.

他就此的个人经验是：就算使用 Python ，保持平台的独立性还是相当不容易的〔一件事〕，举例来说，他到目前为止还是无法使 Python-CDDB 模组在 Win32 上运行。

So the binding to the CDDB data base is currently only available on GNU/Linux and other Unices, allowing on these platforms to import the artist, title and index of audio CDs from the internet.

所以存取（ binding to ） CDDB 资料库（ data base ）目前只有在 GNU/Linux 以及其它的 Unices 中才能取得，这允许了这些平台〔得以〕从互联网导入音乐 CDs 的艺术家（ artist ）、标题以及目录。

This project, which is released as Free Software under the GNU General Public License (GPL), is a family project in some way, as the web page [13] was created by Rolands son, Michele Schäuble.

这个以 GNU General Public License (GPL) 发行作为自由软件的工程，就某方面来说是个家庭工程，因为网页 [13] 是由 Rolands 的儿子 Michele Schäuble 所建立的。

Roland sees possible room for improvement of the project especially in the configuration, which is still done by means of a ".cdcover" text file.

Roland 看到了这个工程的可能改进空间，〔其中〕特别是在组态（configuration）上〔的改进〕，因为现在仍然要以编辑文字档案“ .cdcover ”的方式进行。

Working on this as well as adding support for saving data in a more portable format, for instance XML, is part of Rolands plans for the future.

致力於这个以及增加储存资料到一个更具有可携性的格式（portable format）（如： XML ）是 Rolands 未来打算的一部份。

Help would be quite welcome, especially in terms of more users and feeback, as well as more templates.

非常欢迎特别是「更多使用者以及反馈」以及「更多范本」这两种形式的帮忙，。

GeniusTrader（股票交易系统）

There are many niches that have not yet been freed by Free Software and sometimes projects set out to change that. GeniusTrader [14] by Fabien Fulhaber is such a project, released under the GNU General Public License (GPL) as Free Software.

有许多地方还没有被自由软件所解放，〔因此〕有时候就会有一些工程开始著手来改变那〔情形〕。由 Fabien Fulhaber 所完成的 GeniusTrader [14] 就是一个这样子的工程，并且在 GNU General Public License (GPL) 下发行作为自由软件。

Supported by volunteers like Oliver Bossert, Fabien has begun creating a toolset for creating and testing automatic trade systems. According to himself, his project will benefit "people who wish to get rich on the stock exchange by following signals generated by a computer."

由像是 Oliver Bossert 这样的志愿者所支持， Fabien 已经开始建立了一个工具组（ toolset ），以用来建造与测试自动交易系统（ automatic trade systems ）。根据他自己〔的说法〕，他的工程将会使“想要经由跟随著由电脑所产生的信号，而在股票交易中变得有钱的人”获得益处。

Even if the stock fever has cooled down somewhat as a result of the current depression, the project remains fascinating. Comparable software currently only exists as very expensive proprietary solutions, which are not really accessible to normal people.

即使当股票狂热者由於最近萧条的结果而导致有点「退烧」，这个工程仍然是很迷人的。与其相当的软件目前只存在於非常昂贵的私权解决方案中，而这〔通常表示〕实际上对於一般人们〔而言〕是无法取得的。

GeniusTrader offers interested people to simulate and evaluate trade strategies. So even without the risk of real financial losses a lot about the stock exchange can be learned.

GeniusTrader 提供了有兴趣的人们「模拟」（ simulate ）以及「评估」（ evaluate ）交易的策略。所以即使没有了财务损失的风险，也可以学到许多有关於股票交易的知识。

The project began in 1998, but has been declared dead twice in the course of its existance, every time because the approach was too broad and no end in sight. Fabien made the third approach in 2002 and focused himself on the trade system, around which everything was assembled.

这个工程开始於一九九八年，但是在它存在的过程中曾经有两次被宣告死亡，每一次都是由於〔采取的〕方式（approach）太过於广泛，并且在可见的范围内〔看不到可以完成的〕目标〔在哪〕。 Fabien 在二○○二年尝试了第三次，并且将他自己专注在交易系统上，这么一来每一件事就都就定位了。

He currently sees the largest weakness of the project in its exclusive usage of the commandline, its not providing any graphical user interface.

他目前所看到的这个工程的最大的弱点在於“它只能在命令列（ commandline ）下使用”，它并没有提供任何的图形使用者介面。

Also the project is written in Perl, which requires serious users to also be proficient in this language; for instance to modify the module for access to the data base.

同时这个工程是以 Perl 写成的，这使得较为深入的使用者（ serious users ）也需要精通这个语言；像是要修改存取资料库的模组（module）时。

Recently some structural changes have been made, so the current focus is on adapting the remaining modules. Afterwards Fabien hopes to be able to implement a web frontend.

最近已经作了一些结构性的改变，所以目前的焦点在於“改写剩余的模组”。在此之后， Fabien 希望能够实现一个网络的前端（ web frontend ）。

For this he is still seeking help in form of user feedback and development contributions by others. In his search for help he even went as far as buying an ad on LWN, which said: "Want to make money with free software? Learn Perl and try GeniusTrader".

为了这个〔目的〕，他还在寻求“使用者反馈”（ user feedback ）以及“由其他人所完成的开发贡献”这两种形式的帮忙。在寻找帮忙的过程中，他甚至有点走火入魔地在 LWN 上购买了一幅广告，上面写道：「想要以自由软件来挣钱吗？学 Perl ，然后试看看 GeniusTrader 」。

Unfortunately, the reactions were not as numerous as he would have liked them to be, so he now hopes that this issue of the Brave GNU World will be able to raise some more interest.

很不幸的，回应并不如他所希望的那样多，所以他希望本期的《勇敢 GNU 世界》将能提起更大的兴趣。

Therefore I'd like to ask all readers to maybe also pass this article on also to others, who might normally not read the column, but have interest in the stock exchange and its workings.

因此我想要请求所有的读者，也许也能够将这一篇文章传递给其他正常来讲并没有阅读这个专栏，但是对於股票交易和它的运作有兴趣的人。

信托许可同意书（ Fiduciary Licence Agreement ； FLA ）

Securing the legal aspects of Free Software has become increasingly central recently and its significance increases with more and more people coming to realize the benefits of Free Software.

「护卫著自由软件的法律看法」近来已经变成了愈来愈为中心的议题，并且它的重要性也随著愈来愈多的人们开始理解到自由软件〔所带来的〕益处而逐渐增长。

Most visible are certainly the spectacular cases, like Jon Johansen, who was dragged to court in Norwegen on order of the US media lobby, a case that quickly began revolving around the central question of whether buying a DVD in a store entitles someone to also view it. [15]

大部份具有能见度的必然是某些重大的案件，像是 Jon Johansen ，他在挪威由於美国媒体游说团的要求而被拖进法院。这一个案件很快地就开始在中心问题打转，也就是“是否在商家里购买了一张 DVD ，同时也给予了某个人能够观看它的权利呢？”。【译注：当然， Jon Johansen 认为他有权利观看他“合法”购买的 DVD ，而美国媒体游说团则认为不行，因为他没有用他们认为他“应该使用”的设备。】 [15]

But also cases like the struggle between MySQl and NuSphere or trademark issues made news. Be it Adobe forcing kIllustrator to change their name, or the publisher of the well-known Asterix and Obelix comics, "Les Éditions Albert René" In the latter case, Werner Heuser, who runs an information portal for mobile Unix systems, was threatened with 50.000 EUR or six months in jail. [16]

但是也有像是「在 MySQl 和 NuSphere 之间的斗争」或「商标的议题」成了新闻。如 Adobe 强制 kIllustrator 更改它们的名称，或是著名的 Asterix 与 Obelix 漫画的出版者“ Les Éditions Albert René ”。在后面这个案例， Werner Heuser 这个从事给予行动 Unix 系统（ mobile Unix systems ）以信息的可携带性（ information portal ）的〔供应〕者，被威胁著要被处以五万欧元的罚金或在监牢里待上六个月〔的处份〕。 [16]

One of the reasons these cases are increasing is because Free Software becomes more visible on the one hand, but seems to be defenseless against such attacks on the other. In fact Werner Heuser, who is still fighting against the overmighty publisher, is the exception.

这些案例逐渐增加的其中一个原因，是因为自由软件在一方面变得较具有能见度，但是似乎在另一方面对於这些攻击并不具有抵抗力。事实上， Werner Heuser 还在抵抗〔实力〕超强的出版者〔的事实〕是个〔出乎意料〕的例外。

The everyday legal needs of Free Software are usually much less spectacular, but not less important, as a legally secured fundament is a necessary prerequisite for commercial use, for instance.

自由软件的每一天的法律需求比较起来通常很不重大，但是并不因此而较不重要。举例来说，一个受到法律所护卫著的基础，才是商业使用的必要前提。

If we want prevent seeing Free Software pushed into the hobbyist corner, easily condemning it to insignificance, we must think about how to preserve the legal security of Free Software.

如果我们想要避免看到自由软件被推入到「很容易就宣判它为不重要的」“业余爱好者的偏僻角落”，我们就必须思考关於如何保存自由软件的法律维护。

In this, Free Software has different needs than proprietary software, which is normally written by a single company, sold for a while and then discontinued.

就此，自由软件与私权软件就有了不同的需求。私权软件通常是由单一间公司所撰写，贩卖了一阵子之后，然后就不再存续了。

Opposed to this, Free Software often has many contributors and is used for a period that can be seen as "eternal" in the IT sector. Several of the standard components in use on all GNU/Linux systems today, are 10-20 years old or even older in some cases.

与此相反，自由软件通常有许多贡献者，并且能够在信息科技部门（ IT sector ）中，一个可以被视为“永久”（eternal）的期间内被使用。有数个使用在今天的所有的 GNU/Linux 系统中的标准组成（ standard components ），都已经有了十到二十年的历史，在某些情况下甚至更久。

During their useful life, they are in permanent evolution, but not only the technical aspects change, the legal basis, on which also the legal aspects of Free Software are based, is in permanent devlopment, as has been explained in issue #38 [17] of the Brave GNU World under the term "Legal Maintainability."

在它们有用的生命期间内，它们持续地继续发展，但这并不只有技术观点上的改变，同时也是「自由软件法律观点所奠基的」法律基础，也在持续地发展，也就是如同《勇敢 GNU 世界》第 38 期 [17] 中以“法律维护性”（Legal Maintainability）这个术语所作出的解释。

As briefly announced already in the aforementioned issue, the FSF Europe has been working on the "Fiduciary Licence Agreement" (FLA) to address these questions, which has been released on February 4th 2003. [18]

如同已经在前述的一期中所作出的简短宣布， FSF 欧洲致力於一份“信托许可同意书”（ Fiduciary Licence Agreement ）来阐述这些问题，并且已经在二○○三年二月四日发布了。 [18]

This agreement allows authors of Free Software to declare the FSF Europe the legal fiduciary for their projects.

这份同意书允许自由软件的作者声明 FSF 欧洲为他们的工程的法律信托者。

This not only secures projects against the disappearance of authors, the FSF Europe also takes a significant part of the legal risks. This allows Free Software to stand eye in eye with companies, for instance.

这并不只护卫了「作者可能会消失」的工程， FSF 欧洲同时也承受了法律风险的一个重要部份。举例来说，这允许了自由软件能够与公司站在同一个基准点上（ to stand eye in eye ）〔竞争〕。

For how many projects this can be done naturally depends on the support and resources, which the FSF Europe will be able to spend on this task.

有多少工程能够依此作成，自然地会依赖著〔所有的〕支持和资源，而 FSF 欧洲将能够在这项任务上付出心力。

In any case the agreement will create the possibility to further the legal security of Free Software significantly.

在任何的状况下，这份同意书将能够相当程度地为“自由软件法律维护”的更进一步创造出可能性。

自由软件膝上型〔电脑〕（ Free Software Laptops ）

In the first days of 2003, when I was busy preparing the first Free Software tours of the year, one week before I had to leave my old laptop died emitting well-known, unpleasant fumes.

在二○○三年开头的几天，当我忙著准备这年的第一趟自由软件旅程时，就在我必须要离开的前一个礼拜，我旧的膝上型电脑冒出了著名的令人不舒服的烟之后，毁了。

As two weeks on the road without a laptop would have meant not being able to work for two weeks, we tried (unfortunately without success) to find a company that might quickly provide a laptop. So on Friday before the Monday I had to leave, I made my way to a large electronics discounter.

由於没有了膝上型电脑，表示在路上的两个星期的时间将没有办法工作，因此我们试著找一间可以很快地供应一台膝上型电脑的公司，但很不幸地没有成功。所以在必须离开的星期一之前的星期五，我自己到了一间大型的电子折扣卖场。

They had a special offer for a Sony VAIO, which had a very nice large screen and space for an optional second battery. As working time without power is a prime criterion for me, I discussed using GNU/Linux on that machine with one of the salespeople, which he had nothing really to say about. So I decided to risk it and bought the laptop.

他们有一个 Sony VAIO 的特别提供，它有一个非常好的大萤幕以及额外的第二颗电池的空间。由於在工作时间内没有了电力对我而言是个主要的衡量标准，因此我与其中一个销售人员讨论了使用 GNU/Linux 在那一部机器上〔的议题〕，但他真的对此没有什么可说的。所以我决定冒点险将这一台膝上型电脑买回家。

At home I immediately set to installation, but I couldn't get APM or ACPI to run no matter what I tried. As neither the handbook nor the web site contained any useful technical information about the laptop, I tried until around 3am until I realized that the BIOS of that particular laptop was crippled in terms of power management, it did have no functionality for that whatsoever.

回到家里，我马上进行了安装，但不管我怎么尝试都无法使 APM 或 ACPI 运作。同时使用手册（ handbook ）以及网站也都没有包含任何有关於这台膝上型的有用技术信息，我〔继续〕试著，直到凌晨三点我才理解到那个特定的膝上型的 BIOS 就电源管理而言并无法作用（ was crippled ），它确实对那功能一点都没有用。

All the power management was apparently done by the (preinstalled) Windows and of course there was no GNU/Linux support. The laptop was essentially useless.

所有的电源管理显然都由（预载的） Windows 所完成，当然那并没有 GNU/Linux 的支持。这台膝上型实际上〔对我〕是没有用的。

Next day I brought it back and had them give me back my money, which I took to another computer store, where I — after some testing and consideration — got myself an Asus laptop that obviously had a fully ACPI capably BIOS.

隔天我将它带回去，并且要他们把钱退还给我，然后我把钱带到了另一间电脑商店。在那里，我“经过了一些测试和考虑之后”，给了我自己一台显然具有完全的 ACPI 相容 BIOS 的华硕（ Asus ）膝上型。

With a little persuasion, I got that laptop to give me some of the functionality that define the usefulness of a laptop. Thanks to a wasted weekend even in time to be able to get on board my plane with a fully installed laptop.

经过了一点小小的说服，我让那膝上型给了我「定义一台膝上型电脑是“有用的”」的一些功能。感谢这浪费掉的周末，〔我〕甚至能够在拥有一台完全安装好的膝上型的情况下，即时地赶上我的飞机。

Only suspend-to-disk, also called hibernation, I have never been able to get to work. The AWARD BIOS shipped by Phoenix clearly has these capabilites, but it is not documented how to let the BIOS know where to write the memory contents on the hard disk.

只有“暂停磁碟”（ suspend-to-disk ），也称为“冬眠”（ hibernation ）〔的这一项〕，我从来无法使它可以运作。由 Phoenix 随装的（ shipped ） AWARD BIOS 清楚地具有这些功能装置（ capabilites ），但是「如何使 BIOS 知道到哪里去写入在硬碟中的记忆体内容」并没有加以文档化。

So a somewhat bad feeling remains; especially since I dare doubt that all people will or would be willing to spend as much time on installing their laptop as I (forcedly) did.

所以还是有一些不好的感觉在；特别是我有点怀疑是否所有的人可以像我这样逼迫自已，将要或是想要花这么多时间来安装他们的膝上型。

Would cars be sold with special adapters that only allow getting gas at the gas stations of one specific oil company, this would hardly be accepted. For laptops this is apparently industry standard.

汽车可以在「只具有特殊的接头，而这接头只容许在一间特定油公司的加油站中加油」的情况下卖出吗？这〔景况〕是很难让人接受的。但对膝上型来说，这明显是〔他们所谓的〕工业标准。

A situation such as this is inacceptable. It must not be the task of a hardware vendor to force their customers to use only a specific piece of software.

像是这样的情势是「无法接受的」。硬件的卖方绝对不能将「强迫他们的顾客只能使用软件中的一个特定部份」作为任务。

Hardware vendors don't have to actively support all operating systems, normally it would be entirely sufficient if alternatives weren't blocked intentionally. Currently we have a situation in which all operating systems but one are deliberately barred from running fully by hiding essential information about the laptop.

硬件的卖方没有必要主动地支持所有的操作系统，正常来说只要「替代品没有被刻意地封杀」就已经足够了。目前我们所有的情势是，除了一个以外，【译注：这个幸运儿就是 Windows 。】所有的操作系统都被经由「隐藏关於那台膝上型的必要信息」而排除在〔得以〕完全地运行〔它之外〕。

Thanks to the high degree of integration with laptops, the BIOS is strongly entwined with the hardware. Not to provide information about how to reach power management functionality is comparable to anonymize the graphics adapter and hiding information about vendor, model and specifications.

感谢 BIOS 与膝上型的高度整合，它与硬件彼此强烈地互相缠绕著。不提供有关於如何触及电源管理功能装置的信息，就如同隐匿图形接头（ graphics adapter ）以及隐藏起有关於供应者（ vendor ）、模型（ model ）和规格说明（ specifications ）等信息一样。

I would very much like to be able to commend to my readers a vendor of laptops that does not make headlines by aggressive lobbying for software patents and offers laptops that truly give their users freedom and mobility.

我非常想要推荐我的读者一间「没有积极地游说软件专利权，并且提供真的给予它们的使用者“自由”以及“行动性”（ mobility ）」的供应者。

Therefore I ask all vendors offering laptops: Give us a laptop with the necessary specifications and information to be able to use it entirely! Support the projects for ACPI implementation and integration with information and allow employees to work with them!

因此我请求所有的供应膝上型的供应者：给我们一台具有必要的规格说明和信息的膝上型，〔让我们〕可以完全地使用它！支持「以〔足够的〕信息进行 ACPI 实现以及整合」的工程，并且允许雇员〔可以 〕与他们一起工作！

Should some vendor be willing to cater to the needs of the constantly growing Free Software community and make their laptops entirely usable, I gladly offer to make this known here and elswhere, so people can make a good and informed purchase decision.

供应者应该会想要满足不断成长的自由软件社团并使他们的膝上型完全地可用（ entirely usable ），我很高兴能够提供并使这个〔议题〕在这里或其它地方被认识，这样人们就可以〔经此〕作出一个好的且经过告知信息的采购决定。

One good way to reach me is by email. [1]

与我取得联系的一个好方式是经由电子邮件。 [1]

《勇敢 GNU 世界》四周年

So now the Brave GNU World exists for four years — one more month if you count the issue that I wasn't able to write. I'd like to use the occasion to thank all those who have remained true to the colum as volunteers for translations, proofreaders, web pages, project recommendations or as readers.

《勇敢 GNU 世界》现在已经存在了四年了 — 如果您再数到下一期，我就没办法写〔这些〕了。我想要利用这个机会感谢所有作出了贡献的翻译、验证、网页、工程推荐的志愿者还有读者。

The steady interest during the years was a main factor for me to keep taking the time for the column every month even when chaos had broken out or important deadlines were closing in.

这些年来不变的兴趣，对我而言是使我继续地每个月即使发生了暴动或是重要的截止期限快到期了，仍然花时间在这个专栏上的主要因素。

After all the time, there are still contributions for the "We run GNU" initiative [4] started in issue #6 [1]. And there are still new volunteers who wish to make translations, so recently a translation into Chinese has been added and soon we may also have a translation into Catalan. This would bring the number of language the column is available in up to 10.

- in issue #6 [1].
+ in issue #6 [19].

经过了这么长的时间，还是有从第 6 期 [19] 开始的「我们经营 GNU」原创 [4] 〔继续地〕作出贡献。并且仍然有新的志愿者想要进行翻译，因此最近中文的翻译已经被加入，而且很快地我们也可能会有加泰罗尼亚文的译本。【译注：已经有了。】这将会使这个专栏的语文数目可以最多十种被取得。

I'd like to emphasize that all these helping hands are volunteers who work in their spare time to make the Brave GNU World accessible to more people. So if you discover that a translation into some language is missing, it would clearly be in the spirit of Free Software and the column to simply get active and get it done.

我想要强调的是，所有这些的“伸出援手”，都是在他们的空闲时间工作的志愿者所作出的，以使《勇敢 GNU 世界》得以为更多人所取得。所以如果您发现某个语言的翻译文本找不到，那么很清楚的以自由软件和这个专栏的精神来说，就是采取行动，并且把它给完成。

Everyone who has contributed over the years in one way or another: you have my personal and very special thanks!

每一个在这些年来以不同方式贡献了的人：您有著来自於我个人的非常特别的感谢！

It seems I should at some point start thinking about what to do next year, because when the column was started, I considered the danger of a 5 year anniversary to be quite low, actually.

看起来我应该找个时间开始想一下：下个年度要做些什么，因为当这个专栏开始时，我“真的”认为：〔面临到〕五周年的“危险”非常地低。

足够了

Enough Brave GNU World for this month, as usual I'd like to encourage comments, ideas, questions and suggestions by mail, [1] please keep your eyes open for projects that could be made available to more people through the column.

《勇敢 GNU 世界》这个月份〔已经〕足够了，如同往常，我想要〔请求大家〕以邮件送来意见、想法、问题和建议。 [1] 请帮忙注意著可以经由这个专栏，而使更多人了解的工程。