gawk is distributed as several tar files compressed with
different compression programs: gzip, bzip2,
and xz. For simplicity, the rest of these instructions assume
you are using the one compressed with the GNU Gzip program (gzip).
Once you have the distribution (e.g.,
gawk-5.3.1.tar.gz),
use gzip to expand the
file and then use tar to extract it. You can use the following
pipeline to produce the gawk distribution:
gzip -d -c gawk-5.3.1.tar.gz | tar -xvpf -
On a system with GNU tar, you can let tar
do the decompression for you:
tar -xvpzf gawk-5.3.1.tar.gz
Extracting the archive creates a directory named gawk-5.3.1 in the current directory.
The distribution file name is of the form
gawk-V.R.P.tar.gz.
The V represents the major version of gawk,
the R represents the current release of version V, and
the P represents a patch level, meaning that minor bugs have
been fixed in the release. The current patch level is 1,
but when retrieving distributions, you should get the version with the highest
version, release, and patch level. (Note, however, that patch levels greater than
or equal to 60 denote “beta” or nonproduction software; you might not want
to retrieve such a version unless you don’t mind experimenting.)
If you are not on a Unix or GNU/Linux system, you need to make other arrangements
for getting and extracting the gawk distribution. You should consult
a local expert.